Colorado Family Law Laws

What is alimony based on in Colorado? Alimony, we actually don’t use that word here in Colorado. It’s the same thing, but we use the word maintenance. The reason we use the word maintenance is because it’s need-based here in Colorado. It’s not as if you just should have maintenance/alimony because someone’s at fault or someone’s been bad and they need to be punished.

Here in Colorado, regardless of how bad the other party is, you’re not going to be able to get alimony or maintenance unless you fulfill on what we now have as a formula or such. So here in Colorado, we have a formula. It went into effect at the beginning of 2014. It is a new formula. It doesn’t go into effect unless you’ve had at least three years of marriage.  If you are under three years of marriage, then the formula doesn’t apply. You might be able to get short term, temporary maintenance/alimony to tide you over until you get a job. But the formula itself won’t come into effect unless you’ve married a relatively significant period of time – three years. Once you hit that three year mark, the formula comes into effect and, whereas historically, we used to argue about maintenance all the time, now there’s less argument about it because judges like formulas.

Formulas make things easier. The maintenance formula itself has some complexities to it that are beyond this video, however suffice it to say, a thumbnail if you wanted to use it would be that the spouse that needed maintenance would probably get 40% of the other spouse’s salary minus – I don’t know if you can stick with it – minus 50% of the salary that the spouse who has less income already makes, and then the only question at that point is the period of time that you’d get the maintenance. It’s between a third of your marriage to half of your marriage, depending on how long you’ve been married. So the longer you’ve been married, the closer you’re going to get to the halfway point for the number of years that you would get maintenance.

For instance, if you’ve been married for (20) years, you’ll probably get maintenance for (10) years. And if you are a stay at home mother, let’s say, and you haven’t worked in years and years and years and you’re in your 50s, chances are you’ll get 40% of your spouses salary for that ten years. Now you can’t– I’m not promising that’s exactly right because like I said, there are many complexities to the statute and you’d have to come in a really sit down with me and really look for me to come up with what that maintenance formula will look like. So don’t take it as gospel. I’m just saying, that’s kind of a thumbnail sketch of how we do maintenance currently here in Colorado.

By: Leslie Matthews

I’m Scott Goldman. I run Goldman Law here in the state of Colorado, more closely in the Denver metropolitan area, in the Front Range of course. Our main focus of practice is the area of family law which is inclusive of divorce, child custody, modification or orders, dependency, neglect proceedings, adoptions. So it’s a fairly big gamut that family law runs.

Our approach to law at Goldman Law is pretty unique in the sense that it’s a business-like approach. We really focus on customer service because at the end of the day we want our clients to be happy and have a resolution to their case that they’ve been involved in. One that will give them a peace of mind at the end of the day, knowing that they had the right voice put forth for them. We’re also not going to go into a case simply to make a fight out of something that doesn’t need to be fought. And you’ll have a lot of lawyers that will come in and just drag cases out and make fights where they don’t need to do so, and it ends up costing the client more and more and more at the end of the day.

So our approach is to either get to a settlement that is good for the client and one that they can live with on a long-term basis. Or look at the areas where we’re not going to settle and reserve those for trial and prepare the proper way for trial. But either way, our approach is always to have the client involved in their case. So this way, they have a peace of mind about what’s going on, and we’re not constantly in the driver’s seat.

How we are perceived by our clients is important to us. I think that we want to be perceived as professional, ethical, and really giving them a service that they came in to sign up for. Often times, it’s very difficult to understand that there are weak positions within a divorce or a child custody matter. And on the professional note, giving clients the advice that they don’t necessarily want to hear is what that’s all about.

Being ethical is very, very important for us too because we work hard to do things the right way and by the book for our clients. And ultimately, that makes it less costly for the clients too when you do things right. So we want to be perceived as the law firm that they came to that made a difference in their lives. And ultimately, at the time of a hearing, we always tell our clients there’s no guarantees of an outcome. No matter how good of a lawyer you are, you can never predict what a judge is going to do. But you can bet that we go into court, we’re going to put our best voice forward for that client and do the case the right way.

Trust and hiring us really go hand in hand, the two issues. I think on the trust side of things, a client is going to have constant communication about what’s going on in their case. And they can be confident knowing that we are here to educate them and give them an opinion about their case that they may otherwise not want to hear. And a lot of trust has to deal with telling people the hard facts about their case and allowing them to make an educated decision about that. On the side of hiring us, we’re going to give our clients the voice that they need and do a thorough job for them at the end of the day as divorce and child custody matters are very tough matters to deal with. At the end of the day, the client is looking for a voice and looking for a job to be done and that’s what we’re here to do.

By: Scott Goldman

In the State of Colorado, an affair really doesn’t have an affect on alimony. Or the fancy term that we use in the law is maintenance. Colorado is a no-fault state so the judge or magistrate is not really looking to whether or not somebody had an affair to determine how maintenance will be determined.

And as a matter of fact, these issues need to be determined without any reference to fault. So the affair doesn’t play a role in that. In child custody, you could have some influence on that issue. If you have a parent that has had an affair and now has brought that other person around the children. And that person starts to act as though they’re parent to the child or children, that can have an affect on how child custody is determined at the end of the day. But overall, the mere fact that somebody had an affair, generally doesn’t play a role in how custody is determined.

By: Scott Goldman

When I’m working with people on developing parenting plans, what we do is sit down together, you and I, and we work out what is the plan that serves you the best. Now we will have to try to convince the court that that’s in the best interest of the children, but you and I would sit down together and figure out a plan that you think serves your children’s best interest and that’s what we propose to the court. And we would propose that during settlement conferences, we’d propose that during mediation sessions, if we had temporary orders hearing that would be the plan, and that’s the plan we put forth at final orders.

Now oftentimes when we’re working on these plans, if we set a temporary plan we recognize somewhere along the way it just didn’t work, it’s not best for the kids. They’re not happy, their schoolwork is suffering, and we need to do something different. And sometimes that means the children are with you more often, sometimes it means we have to consider whether the other parent should have more time. But the complexities of that are the reason that I often suggest to folks, When you’re dealing with issues involving children and parenting you need professionals to help you.

By: Ray Chamberland

Mediators do not tell people their legal rights, that’s why you have your legal representative, your lawyer, there with you to tell you what your legal rights are. A mediator hopefully has experience in the area of law that you’re mediating. Here obviously we’re talking about family law issues.

But sometimes the mediator doesn’t have that experience at all, and they’re there to facilitate a settlement. So to that extent the mediator not only is barred from telling you what your legal rights. But they also cannot be called in to court at a later date to talk about what the settlement discussions were about. That’s barred not only by Colorado statute, but by the Colorado “Rules of Evidence” as well.

By: Scott Goldman

What is child custody based on in Colorado? Child custody is based on a standard – a legal standard – called “What is in the best interest of the children“? And Child custody includes two pieces. It includes parenting time and it includes decision-making. And also, of course, there’s child support that needs to be dealt with. So how is that determined? Essentially, you’ll either agree to those things, in other words, you’ll have the children, let’s just say, 50% of the time – 50% of the overnights a year. Your ex-spouse will also have the children 50% of the time, or 50% of the overnights for the year.

Or certainly we have clients where they take a stand that for reasons of stability or reasons where someone has a job that requires them to travel all the time, that they have less child custody. So the parenting time might most of the time with one parent – the primary parent – and then the other parent might have every other weekend per se with the children. Child custody is either going to be determined, like I said, by you and your spouse or it’s going to be determined by the court if you can’t come to an agreement on that. The court is going to look at what’s in the best interest of the children. The court’s not – I know this is hard – but the court’s not interested at all in you or your spouse. They’re not. That’s not their charge. Their charge is what’s in the best interest of the children.

So it behooves you when you’re sitting down and maybe talking about a child custody issue in the case of a divorce, what is in the best interest of the children in terms of parenting time? What is in the best interest of the children in terms of decision-making? In other words, should decisions all be made by both of you together – joint decision making – or are there some decisions that one or the other of you should make because you can see down the line that there may be real problems associated with trying to come to agreement.

Mostly I see this in the area of wanting the children to go to therapy. One parent believes in therapy, the other parent doesn’t. Or medical issues. We’ve seen children with attention deficit syndrome. One parent believes in medication, the other parent doesn’t. So you can see down the line that there might be issues regarding decision-making.

One of the exceptions to joint decision-making that the court will impose has to do with domestic abuse. If there is domestic abuse in your relationship, then the court will not allow joint decision-making because there’s an imbalance of power between the two parties.  So you can see, there’s some complexities here. But the decision the court will make will always be based on that standard – the best interest of the children – and it will be the judge’s opinion about what’s in the best interest of the children.

So if you can’t come to an agreement, you’re essentially handing that, let’s just say subjective decision to someone else, and hopefully the judge will make a good decision on that for you if you can’t do that yourselves.

By: Leslie Matthews

What is divorce in Colorado? Well Colorado divorce is a process. It’s a series of steps that will help folks and their marriage. In fact, we don’t even call divorce, divorce in Colorado. We call it a dissolution of marriage. In a dissolution of marriage, what the court will do is go through five basic areas and help people get divorced.

Although at times it may not seem like it’s helpful, it’s really getting the job done for you if all the steps are followed and followed correctly. First step is to do an initial status conference, at least in El Paso County. Some of the other counties may do things slightly differently. But it’s an initial meeting with the court where deadlines are set and times are set for exchange of information and determination whether or not it’s going to need any experts in the case.

The next step would be a settlement conference. Generally, that’s if both parties have an attorney, it’s the attorneys and the parties. If only one party has an attorney, obviously there could be three of you attempting to settle, or just the two of you if you don’t have attorneys. At a settlement conference, if you can reach agreement on all issues then you can write it up, submit it to the court, and often only have to go to court maybe one more time. If you’re not successful at a settlement conference, we often have what’s called a temporary orders hearing.

At a temporary orders hearing, each side presents its case for how assets should be divided, how parenting times should be arranged if there’s kids involved, and who’s going to be paying for what debts and perhaps who’s going to be living in the marital home if there is one. That is all for temporary purposes. That lasts from the time of the temporary orders hearing up until you have a final orders hearing.

Before you can have a final orders hearing, you’d be required in most instances to have mediation. Mediation is with a paid mediator who assists the couples in trying to reach agreements. If you can reach agreement on everything or on some things, again, you write them up, submit them to the court, and those issues are resolved.

Any remaining issues, which could be all of them, go to court for a final orders hearing. That’s a fully contested hearing often where both sides take very adverse positions and eventually the judge decides all the issues. In a nutshell, that’s divorce in Colorado.

By: Ray Chamberland

In Colorado, when a parent wants to move out of the state, there’s a couple of different issues that arise as far as visitation is concerned and custody is concerned. The first thing to be aware of is that the state of Colorado, and really any state in the union, cannot force an adult to stay where they’re at. They’re free to move at any time that they want to move. The question is whether or not the children will be allowed to go with you.

Of course the court is looking at what’s in the best interest of the child or children. There’s a number of different steps that have to be taken to procure relocation if it’s after your divorce has been finalized, or after your custody matter has been finalized. It works a bit differently if it’s the initial case. These are all issues that are discussed in a consultation. But if the non-custodial parent objects to the substantially changing geographical ties with the parent, that’s a big consideration for the court to look to. You look to the children as well and their community, their friends that they would be leaving. There’s a whole host of factors that go into a relocation matter. It’s a very uphill battle even if you’re in the initial case in the first place.

In order to effectuate a good relocation case, you need to have good facts behind it, not just “I think I can get a job” or “I think it will be better to live out there.” Courts really want to know the reasons for moving out there. If you have family out there, if you already have a great paying job, if you are forced to move for work– these are reasons to set forth before the court. But they’re not guarantees that a court would look to, or a court would grant your wish to relocate with the children. So it can have a fairly big effect on how that visitation is ultimately decided.

By: Scott Goldman

Hi, Bill Moller, owner of the Moller Law Group. I want to take just a moment to introduce myself and talk briefly about our law firm here. I’m a retired Army officer. I spent (21) years leading soldiers. I know what it takes to lead from the front. I know what it means to take a stand on a tough position, and I know what it means to be honorable and to have integrity. I think my Army experience has prepared me well to be an attorney. I’m not intimidated easily by others, and I know how to take a stand when others think that it might be easier to give way. At the same time, I’m not a bull dog. What do I mean by that? I don’t senselessly grab hold of an issue and just fight or gnaw on it for no purpose or to no end. I take a more pragmatic approach. I analyze your case. I weigh the pros and cons of it, and I try to give you the best advice I can, telling you the strengths of your case as well as the weaknesses. If your case is weak, I’m going to tell you. If it’s strong, I’ll tell you that as well. When you come see us, you’re going to know what we think the likely outcome is going to be.

The other attorneys here in our office are the same way. We don’t needlessly fight over issues, because ultimately it’s you paying the bill. What we do try to do, though, is represent your interests and obtain the results you want. After all, this is your case, so we want you involved every step of the way so we can help you make key decisions that will get the outcome you’re really searching for.

By: William Moller